Pork products, e.g. sausage (even cooked/appropriate for human consumption)
May carry Aujesky’s disease (pseudorabies) linked with deaths in European brown bears
Pits/stones from peaches, plums etc
Contain Prussic acid, a cyanide precursor, unlikely to be a risk in adult bears, but could be fatal for cubs, possible obstruction risk also.
Onion/Garlic
Thiosulphate toxicity. Unknown tolerance in bears, causes anaemia in dogs. Effects can be cumulative so multiple small doses may be dangerous
Macademia nuts
Associated with neurological and locomotor pathology in dogs
Avocado
Persin toxicity. Toxic levels unknown in bears. Causes pericardial and lung fluid to accumulate.
Potato peelings/green potatoes
Glycoalkaloid toxicity
Xylitol
Artificial sweetener. May cause death in dogs
Cassava (Manihot esculentaa)
Roots and leaves: contain precursor to cyanide if not prepared properly
Eggplant/Aubergine:
Skin could be toxic if eaten raw (contains alkaloids)
Taro (Colocasia esculenta)
Corms and leaves: contain calcium oxalate if not prepared properly
Cashew nuts with skins on:
Known to cause gastroenteritis in dogs
Pistachio nuts:
Concerns about toxicity in domestic pets (not proven) but also presence of aflatoxins in the shells
Items to be used with caution for bears:
Item
Reason
Raisins, grapes, grape juice
Should never be used in cubs due to risk of kidney failure, small amounts are probably tolerated ok in adult bears
Caffeine
Look for alternatives/dilute where possible. Caffeine may cause excitability/increased aggression. Avoid coffee grounds and beans
MSG
Look for alternatives/dilute where possible. MSG may cause excitability/increased aggression
Sugar
Dental/obesity issues, minimize use where possible
Salt
Minimise use where possible, renal/hypertension risk
Chocolate
Bear’s tolerance to theobromine unknown. Minimise use and look for alternatives. Avoid use in cubs. Is a cardiac stimulant. Cocoa powder and cooking chocolate most potent
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